by Fukuyo Y, Takano H, Chihara M, Matsuoka K] tokyo, Japan: Uchida Rokakuho Co. Ltd, 92-93. Giacobbe MG; Oliva FD; Maimone G, 1996. [English title not supplied]. Transport of toxic dinoflagellates via ships ballast water - bioeconomic risk assessment and efficacy of possible ballast water management strategies. Alexandrium (Dinophyceae) species in Malaysian waters. [English title not supplied]. Phycologia, 35(2). Some species of Alexandrium are colonial organisms. S.p. Light micrographs of Alexandrium minutum: (a) Apical view showing the apical pore complex. 273-283. nov. Sarsia. Harmful Algae. Gross J, 1989. Alexandrium catenella (Whedon et Kofoid) Balech, 1985b Alexandrium minutum Halim, 1960 Alexandrium monilatum (Howell) Balech, 1995 Alexandrium ostenfeldii (Paulsen) Balech and Tangen, 1985 Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax (Biecheler) Horiguchi ex Yuki and Fukuyo, 1992 Alexandrium tamarense (Lebour) Balech, 1985b Alexandrium tamiyavanichi Balech, 1994. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. The resting cyst of the red-tide dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum (Dinophyceae). No evidence for intentional human-mediated introduction exists for this species. Alexandrium catenella can occur in single cells (similar to A. fundyense), but more often they are seen in short chains of 2, 4, or 8 cells. Bulletin of Marine Science, 37(2):529-537. Marine Ecology Progress Series. -Pacific coastal waters. Species of the dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Gonyaulacales) in the Gulf of Thailand. It is associated with toxic PSP blooms in cold water coastal regions. However, urea concentrations were also sometimes related to ammonium and dissolved organic nitrogen concentrations, indicating that the role of urea may not be a direct one. Filtration to remove this species (Cangelosi et al., 2007) would need to be under 25 µm, making it not feasible. Given the degree of genetic differentiation between the two clades of A. minutum, it is not surprising that this species shows a vast range of environmental tolerances, from cold-temperate to fully tropical, and spanning a wide range of salinities and nutrient conditions. The response of zooplankton and phytoplankton from the North American Great Lakes to filtration. Species Alexandrium affine (Inoue & Fukuyo) Balech. Gender: feminine . Medd. Species:Alexandrium tamarense. Godhe A; Karunasagar I; Karunasagar I; Karlson B, 2000. There is a low potential for developing toxin standards from strains that produce large amounts of a single toxin, and for the production of saxitoxin as a chemical weapon. J. Comparison of genome sequences of single-stranded RNA viruses infecting the bivalve-killing dinoflagellate Heterocapsa circularisquama. (a) Plate morphology of the ventral surface. Pesticides should always be used in a lawful manner, consistent with the product's label. Larsen A; Castberg T; Sandaa RA; Brussaard CPD; Egge J; Heldal M; Paulino A; Thyrhaug R; van Hannen EJ; Bratbak G, 2001. Toxin profile, pigment composition, and large subunit rDNA phylogenetic analysis of an Alexandrium minutum (Dinophyceae) strain isolated from the Fleet Lagoon, United Kingdom. Balech E, Tangen K, 1985. Compendium record. As stated in the Distrubution section, there is a high likelihood that this species is already cosmopolitan. 7-35 tolerated, found from tropical to cool-temperate waters, cysts in shellfish, possible but not documented, cysts in ballast water, possible but not documented, resting cysts, no evidence for this species, GISD/IASPMR: Invasive Alien Species Pathway Management Resource and DAISIE European Invasive Alien Species Gateway. (2005) as the “Global” and “Pacific” clades. Scanning electron micrograph of A. minutum: detail of the apical pore complex, showing a distinctive hook-shaped pore. A. minutum has a typical, sexual dinoflagellate life cycle with a resting cyst capable of persisting in sediments for many years (Bolch et al., 1991). Closure of shellfish harvesting at higher than legislated PSP levels in shellfish meat. However, as they have not yet been separated, both genotypes are here treated as one species. Hobart, Australia: University of Tasmania. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(2):1199-1206. Journal of Phycology. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 101(1):36-43. http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02952.x, Galluzzi L; Penna A; Bertozzini E; Giacobbe MG; Vila M; Garcés E; Prioli S; Magnani M, 2005. Heat treatment is a possibility though not yet implemented successfully in commercial situations (Hallegraeff, 1998). (Alexandrium minutum nov. nov. dinoflagelle provocant des 'eaux rouges') Vie et Milieu, 11:102-105. Franco J M, Fraga S, Zapata M, Bravo I, Fernandez P, Ramilo I, 1995. Relationship between vegetative cells and cyst production during Alexandrium minutum bloom in Arenys de Mar harbour (NW Mediterranean). In: Toxic Dinoflagellates [ed. by Reguera B, Blanco J, Fernandez M L, Wyatt T]. Belin C, 1993. Accessory sulcal plates are very small. Dally Yahia-Kefi O; Nezan E; Dally Yehia MN, 2001. Type strain: CCTCC AB2017229; KCTC 62344; LZ-16-2 Conduct genome-based taxonomy at 16S rRNA gene: MH197135 Analyse FASTA Capture probe conjugated to paramagnetic nanoparticles for purification of Alexandrium species (Dinophyceae) DNA from environmental samples. Distribution of Growth-Inhibiting Bacteria against the Toxic Dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella (Group I) in Akkeshi-Ko Estuary and Akkeshi Bay, Hokkaido, … Delgado M; Estrada M; Camp J; Fernandez JJ; Santmarti M; Lleti C, 1990. First report of parasitism on the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum Halim. In: Harmful Marine Algal Blooms [ed. Marasovic I; Nincevic Z; Odzak N, 1995. In: Toxic Phytoplankton Blooms in the Sea [ed. Fukuyo Y; Pholpunthin Y, 1990. 102-105. Possibility of automated quantitative detection with qPCR probes. Due to the variable regulations around (de)registration of pesticides, your national list of registered pesticides or relevant authority should be consulted to determine which products are legally allowed for use in your country when considering chemical control. S.s.p. However, the group was not well-defined in the past and thus, due to interest of its toxic behaviour, people have revised the group through formal tabulation and … Recent work on marine viruses affecting a range of other species (Brussaard et al., 1996; Larsen et al., 2001; Brussaard et al., 2004a; Brussaard et al., 2004b; Baudoux and Brussaard, 2005; Nagasaki et al., 2005) open a potential avenue for future research in this direction. Biogeographic analysis of the globally distributed harmful algal bloom species Alexandrium minutum (Dinophyceae) based on rRNA gene sequences and microsatellite markers. (d) Another ventral view showing the shape of the distinctive shape of both the 1' and S.a., as well as the diagnostic ventral pore (arrowed). is almost always rather short. In: Red Tide Organisms in Japan - an Illustrated Guide [ed. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 22:273-283. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report. Marine Station. Journal of Phycology, 40:398-411. Infraphylum Dinoflagellata Buetschli, 1885. Discovery of a dsRNA virus infecting the marine photosynthetic protist Micromonas pusilla. Ballast water contamination is the single largest risk factor (Hallegraeff and Bolch, 1992). Distribution of Dinophysis spp. Lilly EL; Halanych KM; Anderson DM, 2005. The biogeography of Alexandrium minutum (Halim) in Australasia: combining morphology, toxicology and molecular genetics. Hallegraeff GM, 1998. Hallegraeff GM; Steffensen DA; Wetherbee R, 1988. Hallegraeff GM; Bolch CJ, 1992. Relating to the underside of an organism; abdominal. 2020: baaa062. Alexandrium tamarense is a single-celled, phototrophic dinoflagellate which lives around coastal marine environments . Distribution of Dinophysis spp. This currently needs further … Fisheries Science. Gakk, 55:9-25. CABI, Undated. Alexandrium leei (Balech) Balech. [ed. Balech E, 1985. In: Water facts #6, Algal Blooms (factsheet), East Perth, Australia: Water and Rivers Commission. In: Toxic Marine Phytoplankton. by Lassus P, Arzul G, Erard E, Gentien P, Marcaillou C]. Gregg MD; Hallegraeff GM, 2007. Toxic species of the genus Alexandrium are spread widely throughout many regions of the world (10, 17, 18, 21, 22). gen. n. alexandrii, of the dinoglagellate Alexandrium catenella, the source of isolation of the type strain . Harmful Algae, 4(6):1004-1020. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/15689883. Alexandrium tamutum sp. In: Harmful Algal Blooms 2000, [ed. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Botanica Marina, 34:575-587. He then transferred this species to Gonyaulax in 1949. Alexandrium Catenella Dinoflagellata (Algae) Phylum Cold Water Coastal Regions CoolAlgae@fake.net Objective (Job Description) I am seeking a position in the Pacific Coast, otherwise known as the West Coast, near the western states of California, Oregon, and Washington. That produces saxitoxin, a PSP potential producer, in addition to their PSP toxin production but not presence... Association with algal blooms ( factsheet ) and Ecology in tropical areas or almost straight anterior and. 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